Mối tương quan giữa chỉ số triglyceride–glucose (TyG) và FT3, FT4, TSH ở bệnh nhân rối loạn chức năng tuyến giáp

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between the triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index and FT3, FT4, and TSH levels in patients with thyroid dysfunction. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 355 patients diagnosed with thyroid dysfunction at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from August 2025 to May 2026. The TyG index was calculated from fasting triglyceride and glucose levels. The correlation between TyG and FT3, FT4, and TSH was analyzed using Pearson's test (for normally distributed variables) or Spearman's test (for non-normally distributed variables). Results: The TyG index showed a weak negative correlation with FT3 in the entire study population (r = -0.132; p = 0.01) and in the hyperthyroidism/subclinical hyperthyroidism group (r = -0.154; p = 0.007). In the hypothyroidism/subclinical hypothyroidism group, the TyG index was moderately negatively correlated with FT3 (r = -0.372; p = 0.006). The TyG index was weakly negatively correlated with FT4 in the overall population (r = -0.143; p = 0.007) and in the hyperthyroidism/subclinical hyperthyroidism group (r = -0.166; p = 0.004). Regarding TSH, a moderate positive correlation with the TyG index was observed in the hypothyroidism/subclinical hypothyroidism group (r = 0.347; p = 0.011). Conclusion: The TyG index is correlated with FT3, FT4, and TSH, particularly FT3 and TSH in the hypothyroidism/subclinical hypothyroidism group. These correlations are predominantly weak to moderate, highlighting a relationship between insulin resistance and thyroid function in patients with thyroid dysfunction.