Một số yếu tố liên quan đến tình trạng mật độ xương ở bệnh nhân Thalassemia điều trị tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Thái Nguyên

Abstract

Objective: To describe factors associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in Thalassemia patients at Thai Nguyen Central Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 53 adult Thalassemia patients (aged ≥ 16) treated at Thai Nguyen Central Hospital from January 2024 to October 2025. Results: Serum ferritin showed significant inverse correlations with all BMD indices (ρ = -0.453 to -0.637, p < 0.001). All BMD indices decreased progressively across ferritin groups (p < 0.001). Patients with pre-transfusion Hb < 90 g/L had significantly lower BMD than those with Hb ≥ 90 g/L (p < 0.01 for all indices). Transfusion-dependent patients (TDT) had significantly lower lumbar spine T-score than non-transfusion-dependent patients (-3.11 ± 1.03 vs -2.02 ± 1.26; p = 0.006). ALT and AST showed significant inverse correlations with BMD at both sites (p < 0.05). Conclusion: High serum ferritin, low pre-transfusion Hb, prolonged transfusion duration, transfusion-dependent status, low BMI, and elevated liver enzymes are key factors associated with reduced BMD in Thalassemia patients. Serum ferritin is the most strongly correlated factor.