ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN MỨC ĐỘ NẶNG CỦA BỆNH MÀNG TRONG Ở TRẺ SƠ SINH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA NINH THUẬN

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the clinical, paraclinical and chest X-ray characteristics, and to investigate factors associated with the severity of HMD in neonates. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 36 neonates diagnosed with HMD among neonates with respiratory distress admitted to Ninh Thuan General Hospital (5/2019 - 5/2020). Results: Among HMD neonates, 66.7% were male; 58.3% had a gestational age < 32 weeks and 61.1% had a birth weight < 1500 g. All neonates developed respiratory distress within the first hour of life; central cyanosis 91.7%, median SpO₂ 88% [80 - 89]; severe respiratory distress 30.6%. On chest X-ray, HMD grading was grade I 30.6%, grade II 19.4%, grade III 22.2%, grade IV 27.8%. In a full univariate analysis, birth asphyxia was significantly associated with severe HMD (grade III-IV) (OR = 6.76; p = 0.018); after multivariate adjustment, it remained an independent factor (adjusted OR = 5.30; 95%CI: 1.17 - 24.07; p = 0.031). Conclusions: HMD occurs mainly in preterm, low-birth-weight neonates with early and severe respiratory distress. Birth asphyxia is associated with the radiological severity of the disease.