BẤT THƯỜNG HÌNH THÁI THAI NHI TRÊN SIÊU ÂM QUÝ 1 THEO ISUOG 2023 TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ

Abstract

Background: First-trimester ultrasound performed according to the ISUOG 2023 guidelines helps standardize fetal anatomical assessment at 11–13+6 weeks of gestation; however, data from the Mekong Delta region remain limited. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study included 413 pregnant women with singleton, viable intrauterine pregnancies who underwent antenatal examination and first-trimester ultrasound according to the ISUOG 2023 guidelines at Can Tho City Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from January 1, 2025, to December 30, 2025. Fetal structural abnormalities were recorded according to fetal organ systems. Associations between structural abnormalities and selected maternal characteristics were analyzed using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: The prevalence of fetal structural abnormalities was 3.2% (13/413 cases), with abnormalities of the skin and neck region, including increased nuchal translucency and cystic hygroma, accounting for the highest proportion at 1.7%. Analysis of gestational-age-specific nuchal translucency percentiles showed that the 90th percentile, indicating an increased risk of enlarged nuchal translucency for gestational age, was 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, and 2.4 mm at 11, 12, and 13 weeks of gestation, respectively (p<0.001). A history of influenza infection in the first trimester of pregnancy was a risk factor for increased fetal morphological abnormalities with an OR of 13.7; 95% CI: 4.2-43.8 (p<0.001). Conclusion: According to the ISUOG 2023 first-trimester ultrasound, the rate of fetal morphological abnormalities or suspected abnormalities is 3.2%, most commonly in the neck area. Assessment of nuchal translucency based on percentile values is clinically relevant for stratifying the risk of increased nuchal translucency according to gestational age. In addition, maternal medical history during the first trimester, particularly influenza infection, should be comprehensively assessed, appropriately diagnosed, and closely monitored to support the prediction of fetal structural abnormalities.