NGHIÊN CỨU KHẢO SÁT ĐỘ DÀY LỚP SỢI THẦN KINH QUANH GAI THỊ Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC CẦN THƠ

Abstract

Objective: Assessment of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in patients with diabetes mellitus and compare pRNFL changes between eyes with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR). Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 81 eyes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus examined at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from July 2025 to February 2026. All participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT) to measure average pRNFL thickness and quadrant-specific thickness in the superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal quadrants. Results: Mean average pRNFL thickness and the inferior, superior, nasal, and temporal quadrant thicknesses were 104.75 ± 12.14 µm, 135.28 ± 19.74 µm, 127.04 ± 21.19 µm, 76.42 ± 12.45 µm, and 80.37 ± 10.69 µm, respectively. The prevalence of DR was 30.9%. Compared with eyes without DR, eyes with DR had significantly thinner average, inferior, and superior pRNFL values (99.12 ± 9.74 µm, 120.92 ± 16.23 µm, and 116.36 ± 15.91 µm, respectively) than eyes without DR (107.27 ± 12.34 µm, 141.70 ± 17.78 µm, and 131.80 ± 21.63 µm, respectively). Conclusion: pRNFL was reduced in diabetic eyes with DR, particularly in the superior and inferior quadrants. OCT may be a useful tool for detecting early retinal neurodegenerative changes and monitoring diabetic retinal damage in clinical practice.